2015年山东考研英语语法：虚拟语气

2015-02-09 09:33:11| 【山东考研网】

1、用在“wish+宾语从句”中，表示很难实现或不能实现的愿望，可以翻译为“但愿…”, “悔不该…”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来的愿望，从句的谓语动词用“would (could)+动词原形”;对过去的事情表示愿望，从句的谓语动词用 “had+过去分词” 或“could + have + 过去分词”。Wish 后面的宾语从句必须用虚拟语气，不管这个愿望是否能实现。如：

I wish it were Spring all the year round.

I wish you could go with us.

We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

2、用在as if/as though,或even if/even though引导的从句中: 这时，如果从句中表示的动作发生在过去，则谓语动词用had+过去分词形式;如果指的时现在的状况，则用过去式(be用were);指将来则用would(should, could)+动词原形。这里只看从句动作发生的时间，与主句的时态没有关系。

3、在 I would rather (that)…句型中，后面的从句的谓语动词用过去式(be的过去式用were)。这句话的意思是“我宁可…”，表示说话人的意愿。如：

I’d rather I were in the rain now.

I’d rather you did not tell him.

4、用在suppose开头的祈使句中，从句的谓语动词变化与as if后面的动词变化规律相同，用过去式、过去完成式、或过去将来式。意思是“假如…”，但suppose 是动词，不是连词。如：

Suppose the boss walked in. What should I do?

Suppose Saddam had not been captured. What would the U.S. do?

Suppose Chen Shui-bian should declare Taiwan independent. What would China do?

5、在It is (high) time (that)…句型中，后面的从句的谓语动词常用过去式(be的过去式用were), 或用should+动词原形(should 不能省略)来表示。这句话的意思是“(现在)该…”。如：

It is time we left/should leave.

It is high time that you got married.

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